A stopcockValve [1] ni valve inyura mu buryo bugororotse ifunguka kandi igafunga vuba, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu byuma bifite uduce duto duhagaze bitewe n’uburyo bwo guhanagura hagati y’ubuso bw’icyuma gifunga screw no kurinda burundu gukorana n’icyuma gitemba iyo gifunguye neza. Ikindi kintu cy’ingenzi ni uko byoroshye guhuza n’imiterere y’imiyoboro myinshi, ku buryo valve imwe ishobora kubona imiyoboro ibiri, itatu, cyangwa ine itandukanye. Ibi byoroshya imiterere y’imiyoboro, bigabanya ingano y’imiyoboro ikoreshwa, kandi bigabanya zimwe mu miyoboro isabwa mu bikoresho.
Uko ikora Valves hamwe nastopcockImibiri ifite imyobo yo kwinjira nk'ibice bifungura n'ibifunga. Umubiri w'imashini uzunguruka n'umugongo wa [2] kugira ngo ugere ku gikorwa cyo gufungura no gufunga. Imashini nto, idafunguye, izwi kandi nka "cocker". Umubiri w'imashini ukoreshwa muri iyo mashini ahanini ni cone (hari n'umubiri w'uruziga), uhuzwa n'ubuso bw'imashini buto bw'umubiri w'imashini kugira ngo habeho uburyo bwo gufunga. Imashini ikoreshwa ni yo mashini ya mbere ikoreshwa, ifite imiterere yoroshye, gufungura no gufunga vuba, kandi ifite ubushobozi buke bwo kudakora amazi. Imashini ikoreshwa muri iyo mashini ikoreshwa mu gukorana neza hagati y'icyuma n'umubiri w'imashini kugira ngo ifungwe, bityo gufunga ni bike, imbaraga zo gufungura no gufunga ni nini, zoroshye kwambara, kandi akenshi ishobora gukoreshwa gusa mu gihe hari umuvuduko muke (utarenze megapascal 1) n'umurambararo muto (uri munsi ya mm 100).
Cgusuzugura
Dukurikije imiterere y'imiterere, ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bune: valve ifunga neza, valve yifunga ubwayo, valve ifunga n'imashini ishyiramo amavuta. Dukurikije imiterere y'umuyoboro, ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: valve ifunga neza, valve ifunga inzira eshatu na valve ifunga inzira enye. Hariho kandi valve ifunga inzira.
Amavali yo gufunga ashyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ikoreshwa ririmo: amavali yo gufunga yoroshye, amavali yo gufunga akomeye asizwe amavuta, amavali yo gufunga ya poppet, amavali yo gufunga y’inzira eshatu n’ane.
Ibyiza
1. Valve yo gushyiramo icyuma ikoreshwa kenshi, kandi gufungura no gufunga ni byihuse kandi byoroshye.
2. Ubudahangarwa bw'amazi bwa valve yo gushyiramo plug ni buke.
3. Valve yo gushyiramo icyuma ifite imiterere yoroshye, ingano ntoya, uburemere bworoheje kandi yoroshye kuyibungabunga.
4. Imikorere myiza yo gufunga.
5. Ntabwo bigengwa n'icyerekezo cyo gushyiraho, kandi icyerekezo cy'amazi gishobora kuba nta mpamvu.
6. Nta gutigita, urusaku ruto.
Valves zo mu irembo zifunga neza
Valve yoroshye yo gushyiramo agace k'inyuma, valve y'inganda, valve yoroshye yo gushyiramo agace k'inyuma ni impfizi, icyerekezo cy'impfizi gihagaze neza ukurikije icyerekezo cy'amazi, valve y'inyuma ishobora gufungurwa no gufungwa neza gusa, ntishobora guhindurwa no gukanda. Imfizi ifite ubuso bubiri bwo gushyiramo agace k'inyuma, valve y'inyuma ikoreshwa cyane ni ubuso bubiri bwo gushyiramo agace k'inyuma bukora agace k'inyuma, inguni y'agace k'inyuma iratandukana bitewe n'ibipimo bya valve, umurambararo wa nomero ni DN50 ~ DN1200, ubushyuhe bw'imikorere: ≤200°C.
Ihame ry'umusaruro
Icyapa cy'irembo cy'agace k'inyumauruziga rw'iremboe ishobora gukorwamo ikintu cyose, cyitwa irembo rihamye; Ishobora kandi gukorwamo intama ishobora gutuma habaho impinduka nke kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwo kuyikora no gukosora inguni yo gufunga mu gihe cyo kuyitunganya, yitwa intama irabagirana.
Ifuru yoroshyevalve zo mu irembobigabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: inkoni ifunguyevalve yoroshye yo gushyiramo agapapuron'agapfundikizo k'umugozi wijimyevalve y'irembo. Akenshi hari umugozi wa trapezoidal ku nkoni yo guterura, uhindura ingendo izenguruka mu buryo bugororotse binyuze mu giti kiri hagati y'impeta n'umuyoboro w'ubuyobozi ku mubiri wa valve, ni ukuvuga imbaraga zikoreshwa mu gutera. Iyo valve ifunguye, iyo uburebure bwa ram lift bungana n'inshuro 1:1 z'umurambararo wa valve, urujya n'uruza rw'amazi ntirushobora kubangamira, ariko iyi myanya ntishobora gukurikiranwa mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha. Mu kuyikoresha nyayo, igaragazwa n'impande z'umugongo, ni ukuvuga aho idashobora gufungurwa, nk'aho ifunguye neza. Kugira ngo harebwe niba ifunze bitewe n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe, ikunze gufungurwa ikagera ku mwanya wo hejuru hanyuma igasubizwa inyuma 1/2-1 nk'aho valve ifunguye neza. Kubwibyo, aho valve ifunguye neza igenwa n'aho ram (ni ukuvuga aho ipfundikiye). Ubu bwoko bwa valve muri rusange bugomba gushyirwa mu buryo butambitse mu muyoboro.
Ibisabwa Rusange
1. Ibisobanuro n'ibyiciro byavalve zoroshye zo gushyiramo agakoreshobigomba kuzuza ibisabwa n'inyandiko z'igishushanyo mbonera cy'imiyoboro.
2. Icyitegererezo cya valve y'irembo ry'umusemburo woroshye kigomba kugaragaza ibisabwa ku mibare y'igihugu hakurikijwe icyo cyitegererezo. Niba ari igipimo ngenderwaho cy'ikigo, ibisobanuro bifatika by'icyitegererezo bigomba kugaragazwa.
3. Igitutu cy'akazi cyavalve yoroshye yo gushyiramo agapapurobisaba umuvuduko w'imikorere w'umuyoboro wa ≥, nta ngaruka ku giciro, umuvuduko w'imikorere wa valve ushobora kwihanganira ugomba kuba munini kuruta umuvuduko w'imikorere w'umuyoboro, kandi uruhande urwo arirwo rwose rwa valve yoroshye igomba gushobora kwihanganira agaciro k'umuvuduko w'imikorere wa valve inshuro 1.1 nta gusohoka;
4. Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'ingandavalve yoroshye yo gushyiramo agapapuroigomba kugaragaza inomero ngenderwaho y’igihugu ishingiye kuri yo, kandi niba ari ihame ngenderwaho ry’ikigo, inyandiko y’ikigo igomba gushyirwa ku masezerano y’isoko.
Icya kabiri, ibikoresho byoroshye byo gushyiramo agakoresho koroshye ko gushyiramo agakoresho
1. Ibikoresho by'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma ...
2. Ibikoresho by'umugozi bigomba kwihatira gufata umugozi w'icyuma kitagira umugese (2CR13), kandi umugozi munini ugomba kuba umugozi w'icyuma kitagira umugese.
3. Imbuto ikozwe mu muringa wa aluminiyumu cyangwa bronze ya aluminiyumu, kandi ubukana n'imbaraga biruta iby'umugozi w'ingufu.
4. Ubukana n'imbaraga by'ibikoresho byo gufunga igiti ntibigomba kurenza iby'igiti cy'umugozi, kandi ntihagomba kubaho ingese ya elegitoroniki hamwe n'igihimba cy'umugozi n'umubiri wacyo mu gihe cy'amazi.
5. Ibikoresho by'ubuso bwo gufunga
(1) Ubwoko bw'ipfundikizo ryoroshyevalve y'irembos ziratandukanye, kandi uburyo bwo gufunga n'ibisabwa mu bikoresho biratandukanye;
(2) Ku byerekeye valve zisanzwe zo gushyiramo icyuma, ibikoresho, uburyo bwo gufunga n'uburyo bwo gusya impeta y'umuringa bigomba gusobanurwa;
(3) Amakuru yerekeye isuzuma ry’isuku n’ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa valve yoroshye yo gushyiramo agasanduku n’ibikoresho byo gushyiramo agasanduku k’aga ...
6. Gupakira umugozi w'imvange
(1) Kubera ko agapfundikizo koroshyevalve y'iremboMu miyoboro y'amazi, akenshi usanga hadakunze gufungurwa no gufungwa, gupakira bigomba kuba bidakora imyaka myinshi, kandi gupakira ntibisaza, kandi ingaruka zo gufunga zigumaho igihe kirekire;
(2) Uburyo bwo gupfunyikamo valve bugomba kandi kuba buhoraho iyo bukunze gufungurwa no gufungwa;
(3) Dukurikije ibisabwa byavuzwe haruguru, uburyo bwo gupakira umugozi w'ingufu buharanira kudasimburwa ubuzima bwose cyangwa imyaka irenga icumi;
(4) Niba igipfunyika gikeneye gusimburwa, imiterere ya valve y'umwuka igomba gusuzuma ingamba zishobora gusimburwa mu gihe cy'umuvuduko w'amazi.
Icya gatatu, uburyo bwo gukora k'agapfunyika koroshyevalve y'irembo
3.1 Icyerekezo cyo gufungura no gufunga cy'imvange yoroshye yo gufunga mu gihe cyo gukora kigomba gufungwa mu buryo bw'isaha.
3.2 Kubera ko valve y'umwuka iri mu muyoboro w'imiyoboro ikunze gufungurwa no gufungwa n'intoki, umubare w'impinduka zo gufungura no gufunga ntugomba kuba munini cyane, ni ukuvuga ko valve nini igomba no kuba iri hagati ya 200-600.
3.3 Kugira ngo umuntu umwe yoroherezwe mu gufungura no gufunga, imbaraga ntarengwa zo gufungura no gufunga zigomba kuba 240N-m mu gihe umuyoboro w'amazi uri mu gitutu.
3.4 Igice cyo gufungura no gufunga cy'irembo ry'imashini yoroshye kigomba kuba gifite impande enye, kandi ingano yacyo igomba kuba ingana, kandi ireba hasi, kugira ngo abantu babashe gukora neza uhereye ku butaka. Imashini zifite disiki ntizikwiriye gukoreshwa mu miyoboro yo munsi y'ubutaka.
Agasanduku k'igaragaza ka 3.5 k'urwego rwo gufungura no gufunga rw'agafunga koroshyevalve y'irembo
(1) Ikimenyetso cy'uburebure bw'igipimo cyo gufungura no gufunga cy'agasanduku k'irembo gafunga neza kigomba gushyirwa ku gipfundikizo cy'agasanduku k'isanduku cyangwa ku gipfundikizo cya disiki yo kwerekana nyuma yo guhindura icyerekezo, byose byerekeye hasi, kandi ikimenyetso cy'uburebure kigomba gusigwa fosforasi kugira ngo kigaragaze ko gikurura amaso;
(2) Ibikoresho by'urushinge rw'ikimenyetso bishobora gukorwa mu cyuma kitagira umugese mu gihe bicunzwe neza, bitabaye ibyo ni icyuma gishushanyijeho irangi, kandi ntibigomba gukorwa mu ruhu rwa aluminiyumu;
(3) Urushinge rw'ikimenyetso rurashishikaje amaso, ruhamye neza, iyo uburyo bwo gufungura no gufunga bumaze guhindurwa neza, rugomba gufungwa hakoreshejwe imigozi.
3.6 Niba valve yoroshye yo gufunga iri mu bwihisho, kandi intera iri hagati y’uburyo bwo gukora n’agasanduku k’ibyerekanwa n’ubutaka ikaba ≥1.5m, igomba gushyirwaho igikoresho cyo kwagura, kandi igomba gushyirwaho neza kugira ngo abantu babashe kureba no gukorera bari ku butaka. Ni ukuvuga ko gufungura no gufunga kwa valve mu muyoboro w’imiyoboro bidakwiye gukoreshwa munsi y’ubutaka.
Icya kane, ikizamini cy'imikorere y'agapfunyika koroshyevalve y'irembo
4.1 Iyo valve ikozwe mu byiciro by'ibipimo runaka, ikigo cyemewe kigomba guhabwa inshingano zo kugerageza imikorere ikurikira:
(1) Umuvuduko wo gufungura no gufunga wa valve bitewe n'umuvuduko ukoreshwa;
(2) Mu gihe cy'umuvuduko w'akazi, ishobora kwemeza ko amasaha yo gufungura no gufunga ahorahovalvegufunga neza;
(3) Gusuzuma uburyo umuyoboro w'amazi urwanya amazi uhagaze bitewe n'uko umuyoboro w'amazi ugenda.
4.2 Itsindavalvembere yo kuva mu ruganda, bigomba kugeragezwa ku buryo bukurikira:
(1) Iyo valve ifunguwe, igice cy'umuvuduko kigomba kwihanganira igeragezwa ry'umuvuduko w'imbere inshuro ebyiri z'agaciro k'umuvuduko w'imikorere wa valve;
(2) Iyo valve ifunze, impande zombi zifite agaciro ka 1.1 k'umuvuduko w'akazi ka valve, kandi nta gusohoka guhari, ariko agaciro k'imvange y'ikinyugunyugu ifunze icyuma ntikarenze ibisabwa bireba.
Icya gatanu, uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese imbere n'inyuma ya valve yoroshye yo gufunga
5.1 Imbere n'inyuma y'agasanduku k'ingufu (harimo n'agasanduku gahindura umuvuduko), mbere na mbere, hagomba gukorwa guturitsa amasasu, gukuraho umucanga no gukuraho ingese, kandi ifu ya epoxy resin idafite uburozi igomba gusukurwa hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi, ifite ubunini burenze mm 0.3. Iyo bigoye gusukura epoxy resin idafite uburozi ku mashini nini cyane, irangi rya epoxy ridafite uburozi nk'iryo naryo rigomba gusukurwa no gusukurwa.
5.2 Imbere mu gice cy'umubiri w'agapira n'ibice byose by'agapira bigomba kuba birwanya ingese, ku ruhande rumwe, ntibizagwa ingese iyo byinjijwe mu mazi, kandi nta ngese ya elegitoroniki izaba hagati y'ibyuma byombi; Icya kabiri, ubuso buba bwiza, ku buryo ubudahangarwa n'amazi bugabanuka.
5.3 Ibisabwa ku isuku ya epoxy resin cyangwa irangi mu kurwanya ingese mu gice cy’ingufu bigomba kuba bifite raporo y’ikizamini iturutse ku buyobozi bubishinzwe. Imiterere y’ibinyabutabire n’imiterere y’umubiri bigomba kandi kuzuza ibisabwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-09-2024
