Mu minsi ishize, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Ubufatanye n’Iterambere ry’Ubukungu (OECD) ryasohoye raporo yaryo nshya y’icyerekezo cy’ubukungu mu gihe cyo hagati. Raporo iteganya ko izamuka ry’umusaruro rusange ku isi rizagera kuri 5.8% mu 2021, ugereranije n’iteganyagihe ryabanjirije irya 5.6%. Raporo kandi iteganya ko mu bihugu bigize G20, ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa buzazamukaho 8.5% mu 2021 (ugereranije n’iteganyagihe rya 7.8% muri Werurwe uyu mwaka). Iterambere rihoraho kandi rihamye ry’ubukungu bw’isi ryatumye inganda zikora ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa valve zitera imbere nka peteroli na gaze karemano, ingufu z’amashanyarazi, gutunganya amazi, inganda zikora imiti, n’ubwubatsi bw’imijyi, bigatuma inganda zikora ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa valve zitera imbere cyane ndetse n’isoko rikagira umusaruro mwinshi.
A. Iterambere ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi zo mu Bushinwa rihagaze neza
Binyuze mu bikorwa bihuriweho n'ibigo by'inganda n'abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye, inganda z'igihugu cyanjye zikora ibikoresho bya valve mu myaka yashize zari mu ruganda rw'ingufu za kirimbuzi, valve nini z'umurambararo zisutswe zose ku miyoboro ya gaze karemano ikora kure, valve z'ingenzi ku mashini zikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi, peteroli, n'inganda zikora amashanyarazi. Bimwe mu bicuruzwa bya valve bigezweho mu bihe byihariye byo gukora byateye imbere, kandi bimwe byageze ku iterambere ry'aho bikorera, bitasimbuye ibicuruzwa biva hanze gusa, ahubwo byanasenye ububasha bw'abanyamahanga, bituma inganda zihinduka kandi zivugurura ndetse n'iterambere rya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga.
B. Imiterere y'irushanwa ry'inganda z'ingufu zo mu Bushinwa
Inganda zikora valve zo mu Bushinwa zifite imbaraga nke zo kugurisha ibikoresho fatizo byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, umubare munini w'ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu biri mu cyiciro cyo guhangana ku biciro (valve y'ikinyugunyugu cya wafer,valve y'ikinyugunyugu, valve y'ikinyugunyugu ifite flange,valve y'irembo,valve yo kugenzura,nibindi) Kandi imbaraga zo guhanahana ibitekerezo ku nganda ziri hasi nazo ntizihagije; hamwe n’uko imari shingiro yo mu mahanga yinjira kenshi, ikirango cyayo n’ikoranabuhanga ryayo, kwinjira kw’imari shingiro yo mu mahanga bizazana ibibazo bikomeye n’igitutu ku bigo by’imbere mu gihugu; byongeye kandi, valves ni ubwoko bw’imashini rusange, kandi ibicuruzwa by’imashini rusange birangwa no gukora ibintu byinshi bitandukanye, imiterere yoroshye n’imikorere yoroshye, ibyo bigatuma byoroha. Gukora nk’imashini bizatera imyubakire yo hasi kandi ihangana ku isoko, kandi hari ikibazo cy’ibindi bikoresho bisimbura ibindi.
C. Amahirwe yo ku isoko ry'ejo hazaza ry'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi
Ibyuma bigenzura (ibyuma bigenzura) bifite amahirwe menshi yo gukura. Ibyuma bigenzura, bizwi kandi nka ibyuma bigenzura, ni igice cy’igenzura muri sisitemu yo gutwara amazi. Bifite imirimo nko gukata, kugenzura, guhindura imiterere y’amazi, gukumira gusubira inyuma kw’amazi, kudahungabanya amashanyarazi, kugabanya umuvuduko w’amazi cyangwa urenze urugero. Ni kimwe mu bice by’ingenzi by’inganda zikora ibintu mu buryo bw’ubwenge. Ibigo birimo peteroli, peteroli, imiti, gukora impapuro, kurengera ibidukikije, ingufu, ingufu z’amashanyarazi, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ikoranabuhanga ry’ibyuma, ubuvuzi, ibiribwa n’izindi nganda.
Nk’uko bigaragara muri raporo y’ubushakashatsi ku isoko ry’ingufu zo kugenzura ibiciro mu Bushinwa (ARC) mu ishami rya ARC, isoko ry’ingufu zo kugenzura ibiciro mu gihugu rizarenga miliyari 2 z’amadolari ya Amerika mu 2019, aho rizazamukaho ibirenze 5% buri mwaka. Biteganijwe ko igipimo cy’izamuka ry’ingufu mu mwaka kizaba 5.3% mu myaka itatu iri imbere. Isoko ry’ingufu zo kugenzura ubu riri ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ibirango by’abanyamahanga. Mu 2018, Emerson yayoboye ingufu zo kugenzura ibiciro mu rwego rwo hejuru ku isoko rya 8.3%. Bitewe no kwihutisha gusimbuza imigabane mu gihugu no guteza imbere inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ubwenge, abakora ingufu zo kugenzura ibiciro mu gihugu bafite amahirwe meza yo gukura.
Gusimbuza valves za hydraulic mu ngo birihuta. Ibice bya hydraulic bikoreshwa cyane mu bwoko butandukanye bw'imashini zigenda n'amaguru, imashini z'inganda n'ibikoresho binini. Inganda zo hasi zirimo imashini z'ubwubatsi, imodoka, imashini zikoresha ibyuma, ibikoresho by'imashini, imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro, imashini z'ubuhinzi, amato, n'imashini zikoresha peteroli. Vals za hydraulic ni zo zikoresha hydraulic. Mu 2019, valves za hydraulic zari 12.4% by'agaciro kose k'ibice by'ingenzi bya hydraulic mu Bushinwa (Hydraulic Pneumatic Seals Industry Association), ku isoko kangana na miliyari 10 z'amayuan. Kuri ubu, valves za hydraulic zo mu gihugu cyanjye zishingiye ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga (mu 2020, valves za hydraulic zoherezwa mu mahanga zari miliyoni 847 z'amayuan, naho ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byari bingana na miliyari 9.049 z'amayuan). Bitewe no kwihutisha gusimbuza imbere mu gihugu, isoko rya valves za hydraulic mu gihugu cyanjye ryariyongereye cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-24-2022
