Imiterere yiterambere ryinganda zubushinwa

Vuba aha, Umuryango w’ubukungu n’ubukungu n’iterambere (OECD) washyize ahagaragara raporo y’ubukungu bw’igihe giciriritse. Raporo iteganya ko ubwiyongere bwa GDP ku isi buzaba 5.8% mu 2021, ugereranije na 5.6%. Raporo ivuga kandi ko mu bihugu bigize Umuryango wa G20, ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa buziyongera ku gipimo cya 8.5% mu 2021 (ugereranije n’uko byari biteganijwe ko 7.8% muri Werurwe uyu mwaka). Iterambere rikomeje kandi rihamye ry’ubukungu bw’isi yose ryateje imbere iterambere ry’inganda zo hasi nka peteroli na gaze karemano, ingufu z'amashanyarazi, gutunganya amazi, inganda z’imiti, n’ubwubatsi bwo mu mijyi, bigatuma iterambere ryihuta ry’inganda n’ibikorwa bikomeye by’isoko; .

A. Imiterere yiterambere ryinganda zubushinwa

Binyuze mu mbaraga zihuriweho no guhanga udushya tw’inganda zikora n’amashyaka atandukanye, uruganda rwanjye rukora ibikoresho by’ibikoresho bya valve rwabaye mu myaka yashize mu ruganda rukora ingufu za kirimbuzi urwego rwo mu rwego rwa kirimbuzi, rukaba rwarashizwemo imipira minini ya diameter nini y’umuringa wa gazi karemano, ibyingenzi byingenzi kumashanyarazi yumuriro wa ultra-supercritical, amashanyarazi ya peteroli, ninganda zamashanyarazi. Ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu bihe bidasanzwe byakazi byateye intambwe ishimishije, ndetse bimwe byageze aho biherereye, bitasimbuye ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga gusa, ahubwo byanasibye kwiharira abanyamahanga, gutwara inganda guhindura no kuzamura no guteza imbere ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga.

B. Uburyo bwo guhatanira inganda zubushinwa

Inganda zikora ibicuruzwa bya valve mu Bushinwa zifite imbaraga nke zo guhahirana mu nganda zikomoka ku bicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, umubare munini w’ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hasi biri mu rwego rwo guhatanira ibiciro (wafer ikinyugunyugu,lug ibinyugunyugu, ikinyugunyugu,irembo,Kugenzura, nibindi) Kandi imbaraga zo guterana inganda zo hasi nazo ntizihagije; hamwe no gukomeza kwinjiza imari y’amahanga, ibirango byayo n’ikoranabuhanga Kwinjira mu mari shoramari by’amahanga bizazana iterabwoba n’ingutu ku mishinga yo mu gihugu; hiyongereyeho, indanga ni ubwoko bwimashini rusange, nibicuruzwa rusange byimashini zirangwa nuburyo bwinshi, imiterere yoroshye kandi ikora neza, ibyo bikaba biganisha no mubikorwa byo kwigana byoroshye bizatera ubwubatsi buke bwo gusubiramo no guhatana bidahwitse kumasoko, kandi hari iterabwoba runaka ryabasimbuye.

C. Amahirwe yigihe kizaza kumasoko

Igenzura ryimyanya (igenga indangagaciro) rifite amahirwe menshi yo gukura. Igikoresho cyo kugenzura, kizwi kandi nka valve igenga, nikintu kigenzura muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi. Ifite imirimo nko guca, kugenzura, gutandukana, gukumira gusubira inyuma, guhagarika ingufu za voltage, gutandukana cyangwa kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi. Nibimwe mubice byingenzi bigize inganda zubwenge. Muri iyo mirima harimo peteroli, peteroli, imiti, gukora impapuro, kurengera ibidukikije, ingufu, ingufu z'amashanyarazi, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, metallurgie, ubuvuzi, ibiribwa n'inganda.

Raporo y’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku isoko rya ARC “Ubushinwa bugenzura isoko ry’imisoro”, ivuga ko isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu rizarenga miliyari 2 z'amadolari ya Amerika muri 2019, aho umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho hejuru ya 5%. Biteganijwe ko umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka uzaba 5.3% mu myaka itatu iri imbere. Isoko rya valve igenzura kuri ubu ryiganjemo ibirango byamahanga. Muri 2018, Emerson yayoboye valve yo mu rwego rwo hejuru igenzura isoko rya 8.3%. Hamwe nihuta ryogusimbuza imbere no guteza imbere inganda zubwenge, abakora igenzura ryimbere mu gihugu bafite iterambere ryiza.

Gusimbuza imbere mumazi ya hydraulic byihuta. Ibice bya Hydraulic bikoreshwa cyane muburyo butandukanye bwimashini zigenda, imashini zinganda nibikoresho binini. Inganda zimanuka zirimo imashini zubaka, imodoka, imashini za metallurgjiya, ibikoresho byimashini, imashini zicukura amabuye y'agaciro, imashini zubuhinzi, amato, n’imashini za peteroli. Hydraulic valve nibintu byingenzi bigize hydraulic. Muri 2019, hydraulic valves yari ifite 12.4% yumusaruro rusange w’ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa (Hydraulic Pneumatic Seals Industry Association), bifite isoko ryingana na miliyari 10. Kugeza ubu, igihugu cyanjye cyo mu bwoko bwa hydraulic yo mu rwego rwo hejuru cyishingikiriza ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga (mu 2020, igihugu cyanjye cyohereza ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga biva mu mahanga byinjije miliyoni 847, naho ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari hejuru ya miliyari 9.049). Hamwe no kwihutisha gusimbuza imbere mu gihugu, isoko ry’amazi ya hydraulic yo mu gihugu cyanjye ryazamutse vuba.