Hydrogen y'amazi ifite ibyiza bimwe na bimwe mu kubika no gutwara. Ugereranyije na hidrogen, hidrogen y'amazi (LH2) ifite ubucucike bwinshi kandi ikenera umuvuduko muto kugira ngo ibikwe. Ariko, hidrogen igomba kuba -253°C kugira ngo ibe amazi, bivuze ko bigoye cyane. Ubushyuhe buke cyane n'ingaruka zo gushya bituma hidrogen y'amazi iba igikoresho kibi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ingamba zikomeye z'umutekano no kwizerwa cyane ni ibisabwa nta kujegajega mu gushushanya valves zikoreshwa mu bikorwa bireba.
Bya Fadila Khelfaoui, Frédéric Blanquet
Valve ya Velan (Velan)
Imikoreshereze ya hydrogen y'amazi (LH2).
Muri iki gihe, hidrojeni y'amazi irakoreshwa kandi igerageza gukoreshwa mu bihe bitandukanye byihariye. Mu kirere, ishobora gukoreshwa nk'amavuta yo kurasa roketi kandi ishobora no guteza imiraba y'umuyaga mu nzira z'umuyaga zinyuramo. Ishyigikiwe na "siyansi nini", hidrojeni y'amazi yabaye ingenzi mu buryo bwa superconducting, imashini zihutisha uduce, n'ibikoresho bya kirimbuzi. Uko icyifuzo cy'abantu cy'iterambere rirambye kigenda cyiyongera, hidrojeni y'amazi yakoreshejwe nk'amavuta n'amakamyo menshi n'amato mu myaka ya vuba aha. Mu buryo bwavuzwe haruguru, akamaro k'imashini zihuzwa karagaragara cyane. Imikorere myiza kandi yizewe y'imashini zihuzwa ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'uruhererekane rw'imashini zihuzwa na hidrojeni y'amazi (gukora, gutwara, kubika no gukwirakwiza). Ibikorwa bijyanye na hidrojeni y'amazi biragoye. Ifite uburambe bw'imyaka irenga 30 mu ikoranabuhanga n'ubuhanga mu bijyanye na za valve zikora neza kugeza kuri -272°C, Velan imaze igihe kinini ikora imishinga itandukanye mishya, kandi biragaragara ko yatsinze imbogamizi za tekiniki zo gutanga hidrojeni y'amazi bitewe n'imbaraga zayo.
Imbogamizi mu cyiciro cy'igishushanyo mbonera
Igitutu, ubushyuhe n'ubwinshi bwa hydrogen byose ni ibintu by'ingenzi bisuzumwa mu isuzuma ry'ingaruka zo gushushanya valve. Kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere ya valve, igishushanyo mbonera n'uburyo ibikoresho bitoranywa bigira uruhare runini. Valve zikoreshwa mu gukoresha hydrogen y'amazi zihura n'izindi ngorane, harimo n'ingaruka mbi za hydrogen ku byuma. Mu bushyuhe buri hasi cyane, ibikoresho bya valve ntibigomba kwihanganira gusa igitero cya molecules za hydrogen (imwe mu nzira zo kwangirika ziracyaganirwaho mu mashuri), ahubwo bigomba no kugumana imikorere isanzwe igihe kirekire mu buzima bwabyo. Ku bijyanye n'urwego rw'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ririho ubu, inganda zifite ubumenyi buke ku ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bitari iby'icyuma mu gukoresha hydrogen. Mu guhitamo ibikoresho byo gufunga, ni ngombwa kwita kuri iki kintu. Gufunga neza nabyo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu mikorere y'igishushanyo. Hari itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe rya hafi 300°C hagati ya hydrogen y'amazi n'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere (ubushyuhe bw'icyumba), bigatuma ubushyuhe buhinduka. Buri gice cya valve kizanyura mu byiciro bitandukanye byo kwaguka no guhindagurika k'ubushyuhe. Iri tandukaniro rishobora gutuma habaho gusohoka nabi kw'ubuso bukomeye bwo gufunga. Gufunga neza kw'inkingi ya valve nabyo ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi mu gishushanyo. Impinduka kuva mu bukonje ujya mu bushyuhe bitera ubushyuhe. Ibice bishyushye by'agace k'aho icyuma gishyuha bishobora gukonja, bishobora kubangamira imikorere yo kuziba inkingi no kugira ingaruka ku mikorere ya valve. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe buke cyane bwa -253°C bivuze ko hakenewe ikoranabuhanga ryiza ryo gukingira kugira ngo valve ishobore kugumana hydrogen y'amazi kuri ubu bushyuhe mu gihe bigabanya igihombo giterwa no kubira. Igihe cyose ubushyuhe bwimuwe muri hydrogen y'amazi, izashira ikavamo. Si ibyo gusa, umwuka wa ogisijeni uba aho icyuma gishyuha. Iyo ogisijeni imaze gukorana na hydrogen cyangwa ibindi bishya, ibyago byo gushya biriyongera. Kubwibyo, ukurikije ibyago byo gushya bishobora guhura na valvu, valve zigomba gutegurwa hibandwa ku bikoresho bidashobora guturika, ndetse n'ibikoresho birwanya umuriro, ibikoresho n'insinga, byose hamwe n'ibyemezo bikomeye. Ibi byemeza ko valve ikora neza mu gihe habayeho inkongi. Ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko nabyo ni ibyago bishobora gutuma valve zidakora. Iyo hydrogen y'amazi ifatiwe mu mwobo w'umubiri wa valve kandi ubushyuhe n'amazi bya hydrogene bikavamo icyarimwe, bizatuma umuvuduko wiyongera. Iyo hari itandukaniro rikomeye ry’umuvuduko, habaho gucikamo ibice (cavitation)/urusaku. Ibi bintu bishobora gutuma ubuzima bw’imvange buhagarara imburagihe, ndetse bigatera igihombo gikomeye bitewe n’inenge mu mikorere. Uko imikorere imeze kose, niba ibintu byavuzwe haruguru bishobora gusuzumwa neza kandi hagafatwa ingamba zijyanye nabyo mu gushushanya, bishobora kwemeza ko imvange ikora neza kandi yizewe. Byongeye kandi, hari imbogamizi mu miterere zijyanye n’ibibazo by’ibidukikije, nko gucikamo ibice. Hydrogen ni umwihariko: molekile nto, nta ibara, nta mpumuro, kandi iturika. Izi miterere zigaragaza ko nta gucikamo ibice.
Kuri sitasiyo ya Hydrogen Liquefaction yo mu majyaruguru ya Las Vegas West Coast,
Injeniyeri za Wieland Valve zitanga serivisi za tekiniki
Ibisubizo bya valve
Uko imirimo n'ubwoko byihariye byaba bimeze kose, valve zo gukoresha hydrogen y'amazi zigomba kuba zujuje ibisabwa bimwe na bimwe. Ibi bisabwa birimo: ibikoresho by'igice cy'imiterere bigomba kwemeza ko imiterere y'imiterere igumana ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane; Ibikoresho byose bigomba kuba bifite imiterere karemano yo kwirinda inkongi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibice byo gufunga no gupakira valve y'amazi ya hydrogen bigomba kandi kuzuza ibisabwa by'ibanze byavuzwe haruguru. Icyuma kidashonga cya Austenitic ni ibikoresho byiza kuri valve y'amazi ya hydrogen. Gifite imbaraga nziza cyane, ubushyuhe buke, kandi gishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi. Hari ibindi bikoresho kandi bikwiriye imiterere ya hydrogen y'amazi, ariko bigarukira ku miterere yihariye. Uretse guhitamo ibikoresho, bimwe mu bisobanuro by'imiterere ntibikwiye kwirengagizwa, nko kwagura inkingi ya valve no gukoresha inkingi y'umwuka kugira ngo birinde ifunga ipaki ku bushyuhe bukabije. Byongeye kandi, kwagura inkingi ya valve bishobora gushyirwaho impeta yo gukingira kugira ngo hirindwe ko ihinduka. Gushushanya valve hakurikijwe imiterere yihariye bifasha gutanga ibisubizo bifatika ku bibazo bitandukanye bya tekiniki. Vellan itanga valve z'ibinyugunyugu mu buryo bubiri butandukanye: valve z'ibinyugunyugu z'intebe z'ibyuma zidasanzwe n'iz'ibinyugunyugu z'ibyuma zidasanzwe. Imiterere yombi ifite ubushobozi bwo gutembera mu cyerekezo cy'ibice bibiri. Mu gushushanya imiterere ya disiki n'inzira yo kuzenguruka, hashobora kugerwaho uburyo bwo gufunga buto. Nta mwobo uri mu gice cy'umubiri wa valve aho nta kintu gisigaye kirimo. Ku bijyanye na valve ya Velan ifite double eccentric butterfly, ikoresha imiterere ya disiki ifite eccentric, hamwe na sisitemu yihariye yo gufunga valve, kugira ngo igere ku musaruro mwiza wo gufunga valve. Iyi shusho ifite patenti ishobora kwihanganira no guhinduka gukomeye k'ubushyuhe muri valve. Disiki ya TORQSEAL ifite triple eccentric ifite kandi inzira yihariye yo guhindukira ifasha kwemeza ko ubuso bwo gufunga disiki bukora gusa ku ntebe mu gihe cyo kugera aho valve ifunze kandi ntikavunike. Kubwibyo, torque yo gufunga ya valve ishobora gutuma disiki igera ku myanya ijyanye n'icyicaro, kandi igatanga ingaruka zihagije mu mwanya wa valve ifunze, mu gihe ituma disiki ihura neza n'umuzenguruko wose w'ubuso bwo gufunga intebe. Kuba intebe ya valve ikora neza bituma umubiri wa valve na disiki bigira "uburyo bwo kwikosora", bityo birinda gufata disiki mu gihe cy'ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe. Valve y'icyuma gikonjesha irashobora gukora neza kandi ikora neza mu bushyuhe buri hasi cyane. Igishushanyo mbonera cya VELFLEX gifite imiterere ibiri idafite aho ihuriye nacyo gituma valve ikorerwa serivisi kuri interineti vuba kandi byoroshye. Kubera ko intebe n'aho bicara biri ku ruhande, intebe na disiki bishobora gusuzumwa cyangwa gusuzumwa mu buryo butaziguye, hatabayeho gusenya icyuma gitera imbaraga cyangwa ibikoresho byihariye.
Tianjin Tanggu Amazi-Ikidodo Valve Co, ltdbashyigikira uturindantoki twicaye dukoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, harimo n'utwuma twicaye dukomeyevalve y'ikinyugunyugu cya wafer, Valve y'ikinyugunyugu, Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ifite flange ebyiri, Valve y'ikinyugunyugu ifite flange ebyiri,Umusuguro wa Y, valve yo kuringaniza,Valve yo kugenzura plaque ebyiri ya Wafern'ibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-11-2023
