Ibarura ryokoresha indangagaciro murwego rwingufu nshya

Kubera ikibazo cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku isi ndetse n’umwanda uhumanya ibidukikije, inganda nshya z’ingufu zahawe agaciro gakomeye na guverinoma ku isi. Guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yashyize ahagaragara intego ya “carbone peak na neutre neutre”, itanga isoko ryagutse ry’iterambere ry’inganda nshya. Mu rwego rw'ingufu nshya,indanga, nkibikoresho byingenzi bifasha, kina uruhare rukomeye.

01Kuzamuka kwinganda nshya zingufu nibisabwaindanga

Hamwe n’isi yose yibanda ku kurengera ibidukikije n’iterambere rirambye, inganda nshya z’ingufu zagaragaye buhoro buhoro kandi ziba moteri ikomeye yo guteza imbere impinduka z’ubukungu. Ingufu nshya zirimo ingufu zizuba, ingufu zumuyaga, ingufu za hydrogène, ingufu za biyomass, nibindi, kandi iterambere nogukoresha ayo masoko yingufu ntaho bitandukaniye nubufasha bwibikoresho byiza kandi byizewe. Nkigice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo kugenzura amazi,indangaGira uruhare runini muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha mubijyanye ningufu nshya, kuva gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo kugeza kubicuruzwa byarangiye, kugeza gutwara no kubika.

02Gusabaindangamu rwego rw'ingufu nshya

Sisitemu yo gutanga imiti yinganda zikomoka ku mirasire yizuba: Mubikorwa byo gukora imirasire yizuba, acide zitandukanye zikomeye (nka acide hydrofluoric), alkalis ikomeye, nindi miti ikoreshwa mugusukura wafer ya silicon cyangwa gukora bateri. Imyanda ikora cyane, nka PFA diaphragm valve, irashobora kwihanganira kwangirika kwiyi miti mugihe harebwa niba ubwiza bwamazi butabangamiwe, bikazamura ubwiza bwinganda nubushobozi bwibibaho. Igenzura ritose: Mubikorwa bitose, nko gutobora, kubitsa, cyangwa gukora isuku, indangagaciro zirashobora kugenzura neza imigendekere yimiti kugirango ibintu bigende neza kandi byizewe.

Ubuvuzi bwa electrolyte mubikorwa bya batiri ya lithium-ion: Electrolytes ya bateri ya lithium-ion ikunze kuba irimo umunyu wa lithium hamwe nudukoko twa organic, bishobora kwangiriza indangagaciro zisanzwe. Imyanda ikozwe mubikoresho bidasanzwe kandi byateguwe, nka papi ya diaphragm ya PFA, irashobora gukoresha neza iyi miti, ikemeza ubwiza bwa electrolyte n'imikorere ya bateri. Gutanga amashanyarazi ya bateri: Mubikorwa byo gukora bateri, gutobora kwa cathode nibikoresho bya anode bigomba kuba byujujwe neza kandi bigatangwa, kandi na valve irashobora gutanga umwanda utarangwamo umwanda kandi udasigara udafite ibisigisigi, wirinda kwanduza ibikoresho, no gukina uruhare rukomeye muburyo buhoraho n'umutekano bya bateri.

Sitasiyo ya hydrogène mu bijyanye n’ingufu za hydrogène: Sitasiyo ya hydrogène ni ibikorwa remezo byingenzi mu iterambere ry’ibinyabiziga bitanga ingufu za hydrogène, kandi indanga zikoreshwa muri sitasiyo ya hydrogène kugira ngo igenzure kuzuza, kubika no gutwara hydrogene. Kurugero, umuvuduko mwinshi wumuvuduko urashobora kwihanganira ibidukikije byumuvuduko mwinshi wa hydrogène, bigatuma inzira ya hydrogenation itekanye kandi ihamye. Sisitemu ya lisansi ya hydrogène: Muri selile ya hydrogène, vitamine zikoreshwa mugucunga itangwa rya hydrogène na ogisijeni no gusohora ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere nubuzima bwa selile. Sisitemu yo kubika hydrogène: Valve igira uruhare runini muri sisitemu yo kubika hydrogène, ikoreshwa mu kugenzura ububiko no kurekura hydrogène no kwemeza imikorere ya sisitemu yo kubika hydrogene.

Sisitemu yo gucunga amavuta nogukonjesha inganda zingufu zumuyaga: Valve irashobora gutanga amazi yizewe mugihe cyo kubungabunga garebox ya turbine yumuyaga na generator bisaba gufata neza no gusimbuza amavuta cyangwa gukonjesha, kurinda umutekano muke no gukora neza. Sisitemu yo gufata feri: Muri sisitemu yo gufata feri ya turbine yumuyaga, valve ikoreshwa mugucunga urujya n'uruza rwa feri kugirango igere kuri feri no kugenzura umutekano wa turbine.

Uburyo bwo guhindura ibinyabuzima mu rwego rwingufu za biyomass: Muburyo bwo guhindura biomass mumavuta cyangwa amashanyarazi, birashobora kuba bikubiyemo kuvura aside irike cyangwa ibora, kandi na valve irashobora gukumira kwangirika kwamazi kubikoresho kandi bikongerera igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho. Gutanga gazi no kugenzura: Imyuka nka biyogazi ikorwa mugikorwa cyo guhindura ingufu za biyomass, kandi na valve ikoreshwa mugucunga itangwa nigitutu cyimyuka ya gaze kugirango imikorere ihamye ya sisitemu.

Sisitemu yo gucunga neza ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu Sisitemu yo gucunga amashyanyarazi yimodoka nshya ningirakamaro mumikorere nubuzima bwa bateri, kandi na valve ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gucunga amashyanyarazi kugirango igenzure imigendekere y’amazi nka firimu na firigo, kugirango ugere kugenzura neza ubushyuhe bwa bateri no kubuza bateri gushyuha cyangwa gukonja cyane. Kurugero, solenoid valve ibicuruzwa byumubiri birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwo gucunga amashyanyarazi yimodoka nshya.

Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za Batiri: Muri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za batiri, indangagaciro zikoreshwa mu kugenzura ihuriro no gutandukana hagati y’amapaki ya batiri, kimwe n’ihuza riri hagati yipaki ya batiri n’umuzunguruko wo hanze, kugirango imikorere ikore neza kandi ihamye sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Ubundi buryo bwo kubika ingufu: Kubundi bwoko bwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu, nko kubika ingufu zo mu kirere zifunitse, kubika hydro pompe, nibindi, valve nayo igira uruhare runini mugucunga amazi, kugenzura umuvuduko, nibindi.

03Valve ikoranabuhanga rifasha iterambere ryinganda nshya

1. Ubwenge: Hamwe niterambere ryubwenge bwubuhanga, amakuru manini nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga, ibicuruzwa bya valve bigenda byerekeza mubyerekezo byubwenge. Umuyoboro wubwenge urashobora kumenya kurebera kure, kuburira amakosa nindi mirimo yo kunoza imikorere yibikoresho bishya byingufu.

2. Kurwanya ruswa: Mu nganda nshya z’ingufu, imirima imwe irimo imiti yangiza. Ikoreshwa rya valve irwanya ruswa irashobora kugabanya igipimo cyo kunanirwa kwibikoresho no kongera igihe cya serivisi.

3. Ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi: Mugihe cyo gukora ibikoresho bishya byingufu, ibintu bimwe na bimwe byakazi bifite ibiranga ubushyuhe bwinshi numuvuduko mwinshi. Gukoresha ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe numuvuduko mwinshi birashobora kwemeza imikorere ya sisitemu itekanye kandi ihamye.

4. Kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije: Inganda nshya z’ingufu zita ku kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije. Gukoresha imbaraga nke-zidafite imbaraga, zeru-ziva zifasha kugabanya gukoresha ingufu za sisitemu no kugabanya umwanda w’ibidukikije.

Hamwe niterambere rihoraho no guhanga udushya twikoranabuhanga rishya, inganda za valve nazo zihura n amahirwe menshi yiterambere nimbogamizi. Ku ruhande rumwe, kuzamura no gukoresha ingufu zisukuye byateje imbere ubwiyongere bukenewe bwa valve; Kurundi ruhande, imikorere nibisabwa mubicuruzwa bya valve nabyo bigenda byiyongera. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibigo bya valve bigomba gushimangira guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no kuzamura inganda, no gukomeza kunoza agaciro kongerewe no guhangana ku isoko ku bicuruzwa. Muri icyo gihe, inganda za valve nazo zigomba kwita ku mpinduka muri politiki y’inganda n’ibisabwa ku isoko, no guhindura icyerekezo cy’ibikorwa n’imiterere y’ibicuruzwa mu gihe gikwiye kugira ngo bikemure impinduka z’isoko n’iterambere. Kurangiza, ikoreshwa rya valves murwego rwingufu nshya rifite intera nini yicyizere nagaciro kingenzi. Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe niterambere rihoraho no guhanga udushya twikoranabuhanga rishya, indangagaciro zizagira uruhare runini.