Gushyiraho valve zisanzwe—TWS Valve

A.Gushyiraho valve y'irembo

Valve y'irembo, izwi kandi nka valve y'irembo, ni valve ikoresha irembo kugira ngo igenzure uburyo bwo gufungura no gufunga, kandi igahindura uburyo umuyoboro unyuramo, igafungura kandi igafunga umuyoboro binyuze mu guhindura igice cy'umuhanda.Vali zo mu irembo Akenshi ikoreshwa ku miyoboro ifungura cyangwa ifunga neza icyuma gikoresha amazi. Gushyiraho valve y'irembo muri rusange nta cyerekezo bisaba, ariko ntibishobora guhindurwa.

B.Gushyiramoisi valve

Valve yo mu bwoko bwa globe ni valve ikoresha disiki ya valve kugira ngo igenzure uburyo bwo kuyifungura no kuyifunga. Hindura uburyo bwo kuyinyuramo cyangwa uce inzira yo hagati uhindura icyuho kiri hagati ya disiki ya valve n'intebe ya valve, ni ukuvuga guhindura ingano y'igice cy'umuyoboro. Mu gushyiraho valve yo kuzimya, ugomba kwita ku cyerekezo cy'amazi.

Ihame rigomba gukurikizwa mu gushyiraho valve y'isi yose ni uko amazi ari mu muyoboro anyura mu mwobo wa valve kuva hasi kugera hejuru, uzwi nka "low in na high out", kandi ntibyemewe kuyishyiraho inyuma.

C.Gushyiraho valve yo kugenzura

Valve yo kugenzura, izwi kandi nka valve yo kugenzura na valve y'inzira imwe, ni valve ifungura kandi igafunga mu buryo bwikora bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko hagati y'imbere n'inyuma bya valve. Inshingano yayo ni ugutuma urwego rw'imiyoboro rutembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa no kubuza urwego rw'imiyoboro gusubira inyuma mu cyerekezo gishya. Dukurikije imiterere yarwo itandukanye,valve zo kugenzura harimo ubwoko bwa lift, ubwoko bwa swing n'ubwoko bwa butterfly wafer. Valve yo kugenzura lift igabanyijemo ibice bibiri: itambitse n'ihagaze. Iyo ushyizehovalve yo kugenzura, hagomba kwitabwaho icyerekezo cy'inzira y'icyuma kandi ntigishobora gushyirwaho mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko.

D.Gushyiraho valve igabanya umuvuduko

Valve igabanya umuvuduko ni valve igabanya umuvuduko wo kwinjira kugeza ku muvuduko runaka ukenewe binyuze mu gukosora, kandi ishingiye ku ngufu z'icyuma ubwacyo kugira ngo ikomeze umuvuduko wo gusohoka uhamye.

1. Itsinda ry'abarinda umuvuduko rishyirwa mu buryo buhagaze muri rusange rishyirwa ku rukuta ku burebure bukwiye uvuye ku butaka; itsinda ry'abarinda umuvuduko rishyirwa mu buryo butambitse muri rusange rishyirwa ku rubuga ruhoraho rw'imikorere.

2. Icyuma gikoreshwa gishyirwa mu rukuta inyuma y'utubati tubiri two kugenzura (ubusanzwe dukoreshwa kuri utubati two ku isi) kugira ngo kibe ihuriro, kandi umuyoboro w'amazi ushyirwa kuri ihuriro nawo ushyirwa kuri ihuriro kugira ngo ube ungana kandi uhuze.

3. Valve igabanya umuvuduko igomba gushyirwaho ihagaze ku muyoboro utambitse, kandi ntigomba kuba ihengamye. Umwambi uri ku gice cy'umuyoboro ugomba kwerekeza aho umuvuduko uri hagati unyura, kandi ntugomba gushyirwa inyuma.

4. Hagomba gushyirwaho uturindantoki tw’umuvuduko wo hejuru n’uwo hasi ku mpande zombi kugira ngo harebwe impinduka mu muvuduko mbere na nyuma y’uruganda. Umurambararo w’umuyoboro uri inyuma y’uruganda rugabanya umuvuduko ugomba kuba munini kuri 2#-3# ugereranije n’umurambararo w’umuyoboro w’amazi ujyamo mbere y’uruganda, kandi hagashyirwaho umuyoboro wo kunyuramo kugira ngo ukomeze kubungabungwa.

5. Umuyoboro upima umuvuduko wa value igabanya umuvuduko ya membrane ugomba guhuzwa n'umuyoboro ugabanya umuvuduko. Imiyoboro igabanya umuvuduko igomba gushyirwaho value z'umutekano kugira ngo sisitemu ikore neza mu mutekano.

6. Iyo ikoreshejwe mu gukuraho umwuka ushyushye, umuyoboro w'amazi ugomba gushyirwaho. Ku miyoboro isaba gusukurwa ku rwego rwo hejuru, hagomba gushyirwaho akayunguruzo mbere y'uko valve igabanya umuvuduko.

7. Nyuma y’uko itsinda ry’abagabanya umuvuduko rishyizweho, abagabanya umuvuduko n’abarinda umutekano bigomba gupimwa umuvuduko, gukurwaho amazi no guhindurwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa mu gishushanyo, kandi ikimenyetso cyahinduwe kigomba gukorwa.

8. Mu gihe usuka imvange igabanya umuvuduko, funga imvange y'injira y'imvange igabanya umuvuduko hanyuma ukingure imvange ikuraho umuvuduko kugira ngo isukure.

E.Gushyiraho imitego

Akamaro k'ibanze k'umutego w'umwuka ni ugusohora amazi, umwuka na gaze ya dioxyde de carbone mu buryo bw'umwuka vuba bishoboka; icyarimwe, bishobora gukumira mu buryo bwikora gusohora umwuka ku rugero runini. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bw'imitego, buri imwe ifite imikorere itandukanye.

1. Hagomba gushyirwaho uturindantoki two kuzimya (uturindantoki two kuzimya) mbere na nyuma yatwo, kandi hagashyirwaho akayunguruzo hagati y’umutego n’uturindantoki two kuzimya imbere kugira ngo hirindwe ko umwanda uri mu mazi afunze ufunga umutego.

2. Umuyoboro w’igenzura ugomba gushyirwa hagati y’umuyoboro w’umwuka n’imvange y’inyuma yo kuzimya kugira ngo harebwe niba umuyoboro w’umwuka ukora neza. Iyo umwuka mwinshi usohotse iyo umuyoboro w’igenzura ufunguwe, bivuze ko umuyoboro w’umwuka wacitse kandi ugomba gusanwa.

3. Intego yo gushyiraho umuyoboro w’amazi unyura mu nzira ni ugusohora amazi menshi afunze mu gihe cyo gutangira no kugabanya umutwaro w’amazi asohoka mu muyoboro.

4. Iyo umutego ukoreshejwe mu gusohora amazi y’ibikoresho bishyushya, ugomba gushyirwa hasi mu gice cyo hasi cy’ibikoresho bishyushya, kugira ngo umuyoboro w’amazi ashyushye ugarurwe mu buryo buhagaze mu mutego w’umwuka kugira ngo wirinde ko amazi abikwa mu bikoresho bishyushya.

5. Aho gushyiramo hagomba kuba hafi y'aho amazi anyura. Iyo intera iri kure cyane, umwuka cyangwa umwuka bizarunda mu muyoboro muto uri imbere y'umutego.

6. Iyo umuyoboro utambitse w'umuyoboro mukuru w'umwuka ari muremure cyane, ikibazo cy'amazi gikwiye kwitabwaho.

F.Gushyiraho valve y'umutekano

Valve y'umutekano ni valve yihariye aho ibice bifungura n'ibifunga biba biri mu buryo busanzwe bufunze bitewe n'imbaraga zo hanze. Iyo igitutu cy'icyuma kiri mu bikoresho cyangwa umuyoboro kirenze agaciro kagenwe, gisohora icyo gitutu kikajya hanze ya sisitemu kugira ngo hirindwe igitutu kiri hagati mu muyoboro cyangwa ibikoresho kirenze agaciro kagenwe.

1. Mbere yo gushyiraho, ibicuruzwa bigomba gusuzumwa neza kugira ngo harebwe niba hari icyemezo cy’uko bihuye n’ibicuruzwa n’igitabo cy’amabwiriza, kugira ngo hamenyekane neza igitutu gihoraho iyo biva mu ruganda.

2. Valve y'umutekano igomba gushyirwa hafi cyane y'urukuta kugira ngo igenzurwe kandi ibungabungwe.

3. Valve y'umutekano igomba gushyirwaho ihagaze, icyuma gisohoka giturutse hasi kijya hejuru, kandi imiterere y'inkingi y'uruvange igomba kugenzurwa.

4. Mu bihe bisanzwe, valve zo kuzimya ntizishobora gushyirwaho mbere na nyuma ya valve y'umutekano kugira ngo habeho umutekano n'ubuziranenge.

5. Kugabanya umuvuduko wa vali y'umutekano: iyo icyuma gikoreshwa mu buryo bw'amazi, muri rusange gishyirwa mu muyoboro cyangwa mu buryo bufunze; iyo icyuma gikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umwuka, muri rusange gishyirwa mu kirere cyo hanze;

6. Urusobe rw'amavuta na gazi muri rusange rushobora gusohoka mu kirere, kandi aho umuyoboro w'amazi usohoka mu cyuma gikingira umutekano ugomba kuba ufite uburebure bwa metero 3 ugereranije n'inyubako ndende zikikije, ariko ibi bikurikira bigomba gusohoka mu cyuma gifunze kugira ngo umutekano ube mwiza.

7. Umurambararo w'umuyoboro w'abaturage ugomba kuba nibura ungana n'umurambararo w'umuyoboro w'ingufu; umurambararo w'umuyoboro w'ingufu ntugomba kuba muto ugereranije n'umurambararo w'umuyoboro w'ingufu, kandi umuyoboro w'ingufu ugomba kujyanwa hanze ugashyirwamo inkokora, kugira ngo umuyoboro w'ingufu wereke ahantu hatekanye.

8. Iyo valvu y'umutekano ishyizwemo, iyo isano iri hagati ya valvu y'umutekano n'ibikoresho n'imiyoboro irimo gusudira, umurambararo w'ifungura ugomba kuba umwe n'umurambararo w'imvavu y'umutekano.