Valve y'irembo ni valve rusange isanzwe ikoreshwa cyane, ikoreshwa cyane, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kubungabunga amazi, ibyuma n'izindi nganda, imikorere yayo myinshi yamenyekanye ku isoko, TWS mu kazi k'ubuziranenge n'ubugenzuzi bwa tekiniki no gupima imyaka myinshi, uretse kuvumbura valve z'irembo, ifite ubushakashatsi runaka, ariko kandi ku ikoreshwa rya valve z'irembo, gukemura ibibazo n'ibindi bintu by'ubushakashatsi bwitondewe kandi bwitondewe.
Dukurikije imiterere itandukanye y'imiterere y'ama-valve y'irembo, ama-valve y'irembo ashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: ubwoko bw'ibanga n'ubwoko bw'impande.
Icyapa cy'irembo cya valve y'irembo ifite ishusho nk'iy'umugozi, kandi ubuso bwo gufunga bugana ku murongo wo hagati w'umuyoboro, kandi icyapa kiri hagati y'icyapa cy'irembo n'intebe y'irembo gikoreshwa kugira ngo habeho gufunga (gufunga). Icyapa cy'irembo gishobora kuba irembo rimwe cyangwa irembo ribiri.
Ubuso bwo gufunga bwa valve y'irembo ingana buringaniye kandi bugororotse ku murongo wo hagati w'umuyoboro, bugabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri: uburyo bwo gufungura n'ubudafite. Hariho ram ebyiri zifite uburyo bwo gufunga, iyo ram imanuka, agace k'imfizi ebyiri zingana kaba gahagaze ku ntebe y'imfizi n'aho ihengamiye, umuyoboro w'amazi uracibwa, iyo ram izamutse ikaguruka, agace gatandukanye n'ubuso bw'imfizi, ram izamuka kugeza ku burebure runaka, kandi agace gafatwa n'umuyobozi ku mpfizi. Iyo ram igiye mu ntebe y'imfizi ku buso bubiri bw'intebe y'imfizi bungana, igitutu cy'amazi gikoreshwa mu gukanda ram ku gice cy'imfizi ku ruhande rw'isoko rwa valve kugira ngo ifunge amazi.
Dukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo kugenda kw'agace k'uruti rw'ingufu iyo irembo rifunguwe kandi rifunze, uturindantoki tw'ingufu dugabanyijemo ibice bibiri: uturindantoki tw'ingufu duzamuka n'uturindantoki tw'ingufu duhishe. Agace k'uruti rw'ingufu n'ingufu bya value y'ingufu duzamuka bizamuka kandi bigagwa icyarimwe iyo bifunguwe cyangwa bifunze; iyo value y'ingufu ipfunze ifunguwe cyangwa ifunze, agace k'uruti rw'ingufu kazunguruka gusa, kandi kuzamuka no kugwa kw'agace k'uruti rw'ingufu ntibishobora kugaragara, kandi isahani y'uruti izamuka cyangwa igagwa. Akamaro k'agace k'uruti rw'ingufu gazamuka ni uko uburebure bw'umuyoboro bushobora gupimwa n'uburebure bw'agace k'uruti rw'ingufu, ariko uburebure bufatiweho bushobora kugabanywa. Iyo ureba uruti rw'intoki cyangwa umukingo, zunguza uruti rw'ingufu cyangwa umukingo mu buryo bw'isaha kugira ngo ufunge value.
2. Ibihe n'amahame yo guhitamo amabati yo mu irembo
01. Valve y'irembo ritambitse
Ibihe byo gukoresha valves z'irembo zigororotse:
(1) Imiyoboro ya peteroli na gaze karemano. Uturinda tw’irembo duto dufite imyobo yo kunyuramo na two tworohereza gusukura imiyoboro.
(2) Imiyoboro n'ibikoresho byo kubikamo amavuta meza.
(3) Amasoko atunganya peteroli na gaze karemano.
(4) Imiyoboro ifite ibyuma bifunganye.
(5) Imiyoboro y'amazi yo kohereza gazi mu mujyi.
(6) Imishinga yo gutanga amazi.
Ihame ryo guhitamo valve y'irembo ritambitse:
(1) Ku miyoboro itwara peteroli na gaze karemano, hatoranywa valve zo ku irembo ry’ibice bifite irembo rimwe cyangwa abiri. Niba ukeneye gusukura umuyoboro, hitamo valve y’irembo ifite inkoni ifunguye ifite ram imwe n’umwobo wo kunyuramo.
(2) Ku muyoboro w’ubwikorezi n’ibikoresho byo kubikamo amavuta meza, hatoranywa valve y’irembo ifite irembo rimwe cyangwa abiri ridafite umwobo wo kunyuramo.
(3) Ku gikoresho cyo gukoresha peteroli na gaze karemano, hatoranywa valve y'irembo ifite icyuma kimwe cyangwa bibiri ifite intebe y'irembo ry'umugozi wijimye n'umwobo wo kunyuramo.
(4) Ku miyoboro ifite icyuma gifunganye, hatoranywa valves z'irembo zifite ishusho y'icyuma.
(5) Ku miyoboro itwara gazi mu mujyi, hatoranywa valve y'irembo rimwe cyangwa iy'irembo ribiri.
(6) Ku mishinga yo gutanga amazi, hatoranywa valve y'irembo rimwe cyangwa iy'irembo ribiri ridafite umwobo wo kuzunguruka ufunguye.
02. Valve yo ku irembo ry'umugozi
Uburyo bwo gukoresha valve yo gushyiramo uruziga rw'ingo: mu bwoko butandukanye bwa valve, valve yo gushyiramo uruziga ni yo ikoreshwa cyane, muri rusange ikoreshwa gusa iyo ifunguye cyangwa ifunze neza, ntishobora gukoreshwa mu kuyikosora no kuyipfundika.
Muri rusange, valve zo mu bwoko bwa wedge gate zikoreshwa ahantu hatari ibisabwa cyane ku bipimo by'inyuma bya valve, kandi imiterere yo kuyikoresha irushaho kuba mibi. Urugero, uburyo bwo gukora bw'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi bisaba ko ibice bifunga bifungwa igihe kirekire.
Muri rusange, gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi (itandukaniro rikomeye ry’umuvuduko), kugabanya umuvuduko muto (itandukaniro rito ry’umuvuduko), urusaku ruto, gutwika no gushyushya, ubushyuhe buri hagati, ubushyuhe buke (cryogen), na valve y’irembo ry’umugozi ni byiza. Urugero, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’amashanyarazi, gushongesha peteroli, inganda zikora peteroli, peteroli yo mu mazi, ubwubatsi bw’amazi ya robine n’ubuhanga mu gutunganya imyanda mu mijyi, no mu nganda zikora imiti.
Ihame ryo guhitamo:
(1) Ibisabwa ku miterere y'amazi ya valve. Valve zo ku irembo zitoranywa hakurikijwe imiterere y'akazi ifite ubushobozi buke bwo kudatemba, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutemba, imiterere myiza yo gutemba no gufunga neza.
(2) Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Nk'amavuta akoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, amavuta akoresha umuvuduko mwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
(3) Ubushyuhe buke (cryogen). Nka ammonia y'amazi, hidrojeni y'amazi, ogisijeni y'amazi n'ibindi bikoresho.
(4) Umuvuduko muke n'umurambararo munini. Nk'imishinga y'amazi ya robine, imishinga yo gutunganya imyanda.
(5) Imiyoboro y'amazi yo kohereza gazi mu mujyi.
(6) Imishinga yo gutanga amazi.
Ihame ryo guhitamo valve y'irembo ritambitse:
(1) Ku miyoboro itwara peteroli na gaze karemano, hatoranywa valve zo ku irembo ry’ibice bifite irembo rimwe cyangwa abiri. Niba ukeneye gusukura umuyoboro, hitamo valve y’irembo ifite inkoni ifunguye ifite ram imwe n’umwobo wo kunyuramo.
(2) Ku muyoboro w’ubwikorezi n’ibikoresho byo kubikamo amavuta meza, hatoranywa valve y’irembo ifite irembo rimwe cyangwa abiri ridafite umwobo wo kunyuramo.
(3) Ku gikoresho cyo gukoresha peteroli na gaze karemano, hatoranywa valve y'irembo ifite icyuma kimwe cyangwa bibiri ifite intebe y'irembo ry'umugozi wijimye n'umwobo wo kunyuramo.
(4) Ku miyoboro ifite icyuma gifunganye, hatoranywa valves z'irembo zifite ishusho y'icyuma.
(5) Ku miyoboro itwara gazi mu mujyi, hatoranywa valve y'irembo rimwe cyangwa iy'irembo ribiri.
(6) Ku mishinga yo gutanga amazi, hatoranywa valve y'irembo rimwe cyangwa iy'irembo ribiri ridafite umwobo wo kuzunguruka ufunguye.
02. Valve yo ku irembo ry'umugozi
Uburyo bwo gukoresha valve yo gushyiramo uruziga rw'ingo: mu bwoko butandukanye bwa valve, valve yo gushyiramo uruziga ni yo ikoreshwa cyane, muri rusange ikoreshwa gusa iyo ifunguye cyangwa ifunze neza, ntishobora gukoreshwa mu kuyikosora no kuyipfundika.
Muri rusange, valve zo mu bwoko bwa wedge gate zikoreshwa ahantu hatari ibisabwa cyane ku bipimo by'inyuma bya valve, kandi imiterere yo kuyikoresha irushaho kuba mibi. Urugero, uburyo bwo gukora bw'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi bisaba ko ibice bifunga bifungwa igihe kirekire.
Muri rusange, gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi (itandukaniro rikomeye ry’umuvuduko), kugabanya umuvuduko muto (itandukaniro rito ry’umuvuduko), urusaku ruto, gutwika no gushyushya, ubushyuhe buri hagati, ubushyuhe buke (cryogen), na valve y’irembo ry’umugozi ni byiza. Urugero, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’amashanyarazi, gushongesha peteroli, inganda zikora peteroli, peteroli yo mu mazi, ubwubatsi bw’amazi ya robine n’ubuhanga mu gutunganya imyanda mu mijyi, no mu nganda zikora imiti.
Ihame ryo guhitamo:
(1) Ibisabwa ku miterere y'amazi ya valve. Valve zo ku irembo zitoranywa hakurikijwe imiterere y'akazi ifite ubushobozi buke bwo kudatemba, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutemba, imiterere myiza yo gutemba no gufunga neza.
(2) Igipimo cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi. Nk'amavuta akoresha umuvuduko mwinshi, amavuta akoresha umuvuduko mwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
(3) Ubushyuhe buke (cryogen). Nka ammonia y'amazi, hidrojeni y'amazi, ogisijeni y'amazi n'ibindi bikoresho.
(4) Umuvuduko muke n'umurambararo munini. Nk'imishinga y'amazi ya robine, imishinga yo gutunganya imyanda.
(5) Aho icyuma gishyirwa: iyo uburebure bw'icyuma gishyirwamo bugabanutse, hatoranywa valve y'irembo ry'icyuma gitukura; iyo uburebure bugabanutse, valve y'irembo ry'icyuma gifunguye iratoranywa.
(6) Iyo ishobora gufungurwa neza cyangwa igafungwa neza, kandi idashobora gukoreshwa mu gukosora no gufunga, ni bwo valve y'irembo ry'umugozi ishobora gutoranywa.
3. Ikosa risanzwe n'uburyo bwo kubungabunga
01. Ikosa risanzwe n'impamvu zitera valves zo mu irembo
Nyuma yo gukoresha valve y'irembo, ibibazo bikurikira bikunze kubaho bitewe n'ubushyuhe buringaniye, igitutu, ingese ndetse n'ingendo za buri kintu cyose kigize aho gihurira.
(1) Gusohoka: Hari ubwoko bubiri, ari bwo gusohoka kw'inyuma n'ugusohoka kw'imbere. Gusohoka kw'inyuma y'imvange byitwa gusohoka, kandi gusohoka kw'imvange ni ikintu gikunze kugaragara mu dusanduku two gushyiramo ibintu no mu miyoboro y'urukiramende.
Impamvu yo gusohora amazi mu gasanduku ko gushyiramo ibintu: ubwoko cyangwa ubwiza bw'ibipakiye ntibuhuye n'ibisabwa; Gupfunyika bisaza cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibipande; Gupfunyika birekuye Ubusatsi ku buso bw'ibipande.
Impamvu yo gusohoka kw'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi: ibikoresho cyangwa ingano ya gasket itujuje ibisabwa; Ubuziranenge bubi bwo gutunganya ubuso bwo kuziba amashanyarazi; gufunga nabi imigozi ihuza; Imiyoboro idakozwe neza, bigatuma habaho imitwaro myinshi ku ngingo.
Impamvu yo kuva kw'imbere kwa valve: Kuva kw'imbere gutemba ...
(1) Ingese ikunze guterwa no kwangirika k'ubuso bufunga umubiri wa valve, igifuniko cya valve, inkingi ya valve na flange. Ingese iterwa ahanini n'imikorere y'icyuma, ariko nanone ingaruka zo kurekura iyoni mu cyuzuzo na gasket.
(2) Gusiba: gukurura cyangwa gukuraho ubuso bw'umuntu bibaho iyo ram n'intebe ya valve biri mu nzira bitewe n'igitutu runaka.
02. Kubungabungavalve zo mu irembo
(1) Gusana aho imvange y'inyuma y'imvange
Mu gihe ukandagiye aho upakira, agapira k'agapira kagomba gushyirwaho mu buryo bungana kugira ngo wirinde ko agapira kagongana kandi hagasigara icyuho cyo gukandagira. Mu gihe kimwe no gukandagira aho upakira, agapira k'agapira kagomba kuzunguruka kugira ngo agapira kazengurutse agapira k'agapira kabe kimwe, kandi hirindwe ko umuvuduko upfa cyane, kugira ngo bitagira ingaruka ku kuzunguruka kw'agapira k'agapira, byongere ubusaza bw'agapira, kandi bigabanya igihe cyo gukora. Ubuso bw'agapira k'agapira ni ubushyuhe, ku buryo ubu buryo bworoshye kuvamo, kandi bugomba gutunganywa kugira ngo haveho inkovu ku gapira k'agapira mbere yo gukoreshwa.
Kugira ngo icyuma gifata flange kiveho, iyo gasket yangiritse, igomba gusimbuzwa; Niba ibikoresho bya gasket bidatoranijwe neza, ibikoresho bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa bigomba gutoranywa; Niba ubwiza bw'ubuso bwo gufunga flange ari bubi, ubuso bwo gufunga flange bugomba gukurwaho bugatunganywa kugeza bumaze kwemezwa.
Byongeye kandi, gufunga neza imigozi y'urukiramende, gushyiraho neza imiyoboro, no kwirinda imitwaro myinshi cyane ku ihuza ry'urukiramende byose bigira uruhare mu gukumira amazi ava ku gice cy'urukiramende.
(2) Gusana aho amazi yamenetse imbere muri valve
Gusana imyanda y'imbere ni ukugabanya ibyangiritse ku gice cyo gufunga no gufunga imizi (iyo impeta yo gufunga ishyizwe mu gice cyo gufunga cyangwa mu ntebe hakoreshejwe umugozi). Iyo igice cyo gufunga cyatunganyijwe neza ku gice cyo hejuru cy'igice cyo hejuru n'igice cyo hejuru cy'igice cyo hejuru, nta kibazo cy'imizi y'imbere n'isohoka ry'aho.
Iyo ubuso bwo gufunga bwangiritse cyane, kandi ubuso bwo gufunga bugakorwa n'impeta yo gufunga, impeta ishaje igomba gukurwaho hanyuma hagashyirwaho impeta nshya yo gufunga; Niba ubuso bwo gufunga bushyizwe ku gice cy'imashini, ubuso bwo gufunga bwangiritse bugomba kubanza gukurwaho, hanyuma impeta nshya yo gufunga cyangwa ubuso bwo gufunga bugashyirwa ku buso bushya bwo gufunga. Iyo imivundo, uduce, gushwanyagurika, gupfunyika n'ibindi bidafite akamaro ku buso bwo gufunga biri munsi ya mm 0.05, bishobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe gusya.
Iyo impeta yo gufunga ikandagiwe kandi igashyirwaho, kaseti ya PTFE cyangwa irangi ry'umweru rinini rishobora gushyirwa hasi ku ntebe y'imashini cyangwa umuyoboro w'impeta yo gufunga, hanyuma igashyirwa mu gipfundikizo kugira ngo umuzi w'impeta yo gufunga wuzuzwe; Iyo igipfundikizo kidapfundikishijwe, kaseti ya PTFE cyangwa irangi ryera bigomba gushyirwa hagati y'imigozi kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi ava hagati y'imigozi.
(3) Gusanavalveingese
Muri rusange, igice cy'umugozi n'agasanduku kabigenewe biba byangiritse kimwe, mu gihe igice cy'umugozi gikunze kuba cyarangiritse. Mu gihe cyo gusana, ibikoresho byangiritse bigomba kubanza gukurwaho, hanyuma igice cy'umugozi gifite imyobo ifata imyobo gitunganyirizwa ku cyuma kugira ngo haveho icyuho, kandi agapaki karimo ikintu gisohora imyobo gakwiye gukoreshwa, cyangwa agapaki gakwiye gusukurwa n'amazi meza kugira ngo hakureho iyoni zigira ingaruka mbi ku gice cy'umugozi kiri mu gapaki.
(4) Gusana uburibwe ku gice cyo gufunga
Mu ikoreshwa ryavalve, ubuso bwo gufunga bugomba kwirindwa kwangirika uko bishoboka kose, kandi imbaraga zabwo ntizigomba kuba nini cyane iyo valve ifunze. Niba ubuso bwo gufunga ari ubw'urubura, bushobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe gusya.
Icya kane, kumenya uburyo bwo gupima amarembo
Mu isoko ririho ubu ndetse n'ibyo abakoresha bakeneye, utubati tw'icyuma twinjira mu ruganda ni two dufite uruhare runini. Nk'umugenzuzi w'ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa, uretse kuba tuzi neza igenzura ry'ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa, tugomba no gusobanukirwa neza n'ibicuruzwa ubwabyo.
01. Ishingiro ry'ibizamini by'ibyuma bikingira amarembo
Igeragezwa rya valve y'irembo ry'icyuma rishingiye ku gipimo cy'igihugu cya GB/T12232-2005 "Valve y'irembo ry'icyuma rusange".
02. Ibintu byo kugenzura imvange z'icyuma
Ahanini harimo: ikimenyetso, ubugari bw'urukuta ruto, ikizamini cy'umuvuduko, ikizamini cy'igikonoshwa, nibindi, aho ubugari bw'urukuta, igikonoshwa, ikizamini cy'igikonoshwa ari ikintu gikenewe mu igenzura, ariko nanone ikintu cy'ingenzi, niba hari ibintu bidahuye n'ibyo gishushanyijeho, gishobora gufatwa nk'ibicuruzwa bidafite ishingiro.
Muri make, igenzura ry’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa ni igice cy’ingenzi cy’igenzura ryose ry’ibicuruzwa, akamaro kabyo karagaragara, nk’abakozi bashinzwe kugenzura imbere, tugomba gukomeza kongera ubuziranenge bwabo, atari ukugira ngo bakore akazi keza mu igenzura ry’ibicuruzwa gusa, ahubwo no kugira ubumenyi ku igenzura ry’ibicuruzwa, kugira ngo barusheho gukora akazi keza mu igenzura.
Tianjin Tanggu Amazi-Ikidodo Valve Co, ltdahanini bitanga ubushobozi bwo kwicara nezavalve y'ikinyugunyugu,valve y'irembo,Umusuguro wa Y, valve yo kuringaniza, valve yo kugenzura, valve yo kuringaniza, irinda amazi gusohoka inyuma n'ibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-26-2024
