Valve ikomeza kubungabunga no kurangiza ibisabwa mu gihe runaka cy'akazi, kandi imikorere yo kubungabunga agaciro ka parametero katanzwe mu rugero rwagenwe yitwa fail-free. Iyo imikorere ya valve yangiritse, hazabaho impanuka.
1. Gusohora amazi mu gasanduku
Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwiruka, kwiruka, gutonyanga no kuvoma, kandi bikunze kugaragara mu nganda.
Impamvu zo gusohora amazi mu gasanduku k'ibikoresho ni izi zikurikira:
①Ibintu ntibihuye n'ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'icyuma gikoreshwa;
②Uburyo bwo kuzuza ntibukwiye, cyane cyane iyo ipaki yose ishyizwe mu buryo bwo kuzunguruka, birashoboka cyane ko byatera amazi kuva;
③Uburyo bwo gutunganya neza cyangwa kurangiza neza igice cy'imashini ntabwo bihagije, cyangwa hari ovalite, cyangwa hari nicks;
④Umurongo w'ingufu warangiritse cyangwa warangiritse bitewe no kutagira uburinzi mu kirere cyo hanze;
⑤Urufatiro rw'agace k'imashini ruragoramye;
⑥Ipaki imaze igihe kinini ikoreshwa kandi imaze igihe kirekire;
⑦Ibikorwa birakabije cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukuraho amazi asohoka mu gupakira ni ubu:
① Guhitamo neza ibikoresho byo kuzuza;
②Uzuza mu buryo bukwiye;
③ Niba umugozi w'ingufu utujuje ibisabwa, ugomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa, kandi ubuso bugomba kuba nibura ▽5, kandi ikiruta byose, bugomba kugera ▽8 cyangwa hejuru, kandi nta yandi makosa arimo;
④ Fata ingamba zo kwirinda ingese, kandi izangiritse zigomba gusimbuzwa;
⑤Gupfunyika kw'agace k'ingufu bigomba kugororwa cyangwa kuvugururwa;
⑥ Nyuma y'igihe runaka gipakirwa, kigomba gusimbuzwa;
⑦Ibikorwa bigomba kuba bihamye, bifunguye buhoro buhoro kandi bigafunga buhoro buhoro kugira ngo hirindwe impinduka zitunguranye z'ubushyuhe cyangwa ingaruka ziri hagati.
2. Gusohoka kw'ibice bifunga
Ubusanzwe, gusohoka kw'agasanduku ko gushyiramo ibintu byitwa gusohoka kw'inyuma, naho igice cyo gufunga kikitwa gusohoka kw'imbere. Gusohoka kw'ibice byo gufunga, imbere muri valve, ntibyoroshye kubibona.
Gupfuka kw'ibice bifunga bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: kimwe ni ukupfuka kw'ubuso bufunga, ikindi ni ukupfuka kw'umuzi w'impeta ifunga.
Impamvu zitera kuva kw'amazi ni izi zikurikira:
①Ubuso bwo gufunga ntibufite ivumbi rihagije;
②Impeta yo gufunga ntabwo ihuye neza n'intebe ya valve na disiki ya valve;
③Ihuriro riri hagati ya disiki ya valve n'agace k'inyuma k'inyuma ntabwo rihamye;
④Urufatiro rw'agace k'ingufu ruragoramye kandi rurazunguruka, ku buryo ibice byo hejuru n'ibyo hasi bifunga bitaba hagati;
⑤Ifunze vuba cyane, ubuso bwo gufunga ntibukora neza cyangwa bwamaze igihe kirekire bwangiritse;
⑥ guhitamo nabi ibikoresho, ntibishobora kwihanganira kwangirika kw'ibikoresho;
⑦ Koresha valve y'umubumbe n'iy'irembo nk'iy'umugozi ugenzura. Ubuso bwo gufunga ntibushobora kwihanganira kwangirika kw'uburyo butemba cyane;
⑧Hari ibintu bikonja buhoro buhoro nyuma y’uko valve ifunze, ku buryo ubuso bwo gufunga buzagaragara nk'aho ari icyuho, kandi isuri nayo ikavuka;
⑨Hakoreshwa uburyo bwo guhuza imigozi hagati y’ubuso bumwe na bumwe bwo gufunga n’intebe ya valve na disiki ya valve, byoroshye gukora bateri y’itandukaniro rya ogisijeni kandi ikangirika;
⑩ Valve ntishobora gufungwa neza bitewe n'imyanda nk'imyanda yo gusudira, ingese, ivumbi, cyangwa ibice bya mekanike mu buryo bw'umusaruro bigwa bigafunga igice cy'imbere cya valve.
Ingamba zo kwirinda ni izi zikurikira:
①Mbere yo gukoresha, ugomba gusuzuma witonze igitutu n'amazi, hanyuma ushake aho amazi ava ku gice cyo gufunga cyangwa umuzi w'impeta yo gufunga, hanyuma uyikoreshe nyuma yo kuyivura;
②Ni ngombwa kugenzura mbere y'igihe niba ibice bitandukanye bya valve bimeze neza. Ntugakoreshe valve ifite inkingi ya valve igoramye cyangwa igoramye cyangwa disiki ya valve n'inkingi ya valve bidafatanye neza;
③Agasanduku gakwiye gufungwa neza, ntabwo gafunzwe cyane. Niba usanze ahantu hafunga ibintu hatameze neza cyangwa hari imbogamizi, ugomba guhita ufungura akanya gato kugira ngo imyanda isohoke, hanyuma ugafunga witonze;
④Mu guhitamo valve, ntabwo ari ukwirinda kwangirika k'umubiri wa valve gusa, ahubwo no kwirinda kwangirika kw'ibice bifunga bigomba kwitabwaho;
⑤ Hakurikijwe imiterere y'icyuma gifunga n'ikoreshwa neza, ibice bikeneye guhindura imikorere bigomba gukoresha icyuma gifunga;
⑥Ku gihe icyuma gikonjeshejwe kandi itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe rikaba rinini nyuma yo gufunga valve, valve igomba gufungwa neza nyuma yo gukonjeshwa;
⑦Iyo intebe ya valve, disiki ya valve n'impeta yo gufunga bihujwe n'umugozi, kaseti ya PTFE ishobora gukoreshwa nk'igipfunyika hagati y'imigozi, ku buryo nta cyuho gihari;
⑧Hagomba gushyirwaho akayunguruzo imbere y'agapfunyika k'agapfunyika gashobora kugwa mu myanda.
3. Kunanirwa kuzamura inkingi ya valve
Impamvu zo guterura inkingi y'amashanyarazi ni izi zikurikira:
①Umugozi wangiritse bitewe no gukora cyane;
② kutagira amavuta cyangwa kunanirwa kw'amavuta;
③Urufatiro rw'agace k'imashini ruragoramye kandi rurazunguruka;
④Impeta y'ubuso ntabwo ihagije;
⑤ Uburyo bwo kwihanganira uburwayi ntabwo ari bwo bwiza, kandi kurumwa kwabwo ni gukomeye cyane;
⑥Umuti w'agace k'inyuma k'uruti urebera;
⑦ Guhitamo ibikoresho nabi, urugero, umugozi w'ikirahure n'umugozi w'ikirahure bikozwe mu gikoresho kimwe, byoroshye kuruma;
⑧Urwo rudodo rutembanwa n'uburyo bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe (reba valvu ifite igiti cyijimye cyangwa valvu ifite igiti hasi);
⑨Umugozi wo hanze ntugira uburinzi, kandi umugozi w'umugozi w'umugozi utwikiriwe n'umukungugu n'umucanga, cyangwa urimo ingese kubera imvura, ikime, ubukonje n'urubura.
Uburyo bwo kwirinda:
① Gukora witonze, ntugahatirize iyo ufunze, ntukagere hagati hejuru iyo ufunguye, zunguza urukiramende rw'intoki inshuro imwe cyangwa ebyiri nyuma yo gufungura bihagije kugira ngo uruhande rwo hejuru rw'umugozi rufunge, kugira ngo wirinde ko icyuma gisunika inkingi ya valve hejuru ngo ikoreshwe;
②Suzuma imiterere y'amavuta yo kwisiga kandi ukomeze imiterere isanzwe y'amavuta yo kwisiga;
③Ntugafungure cyangwa ngo ufunge valve ukoresheje lever ndende. Abakozi bamenyereye gukoresha lever ngufi bagomba kugenzura neza imbaraga z'ingufu kugira ngo hirindwe kuzunguruka uruti rwa valve (wifashishije valve ihujwe neza n'uruti rw'intoki n'uruti rwa valve);
④Kunoza ireme ry'uburyo bwo gutunganya cyangwa gusana kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa;
⑤Ibikoresho bigomba kuba birwanya ingese kandi bigahura n'ubushyuhe bw'akazi n'ibindi bikorwa;
⑥Umuti w'agace k'inyuma ntugomba gukorwa mu bikoresho bimwe n'agace k'inyuma;
⑦ Mu gihe ukoresha pulasitiki nk'igiti cy'umugozi, imbaraga zigomba kugenzurwa, atari ukurwanya ingese neza gusa no gucika intege gato, ahubwo n'ikibazo cy'imbaraga, niba imbaraga zidahagije, ntuzikoreshe;
⑧Igipfukisho cyo kurinda inkingi ya valve kigomba kongerwa kuri valve ifunguye;
⑨Ku mvange isanzwe ifunguye, zunguza uruhererekane rw'intoki buri gihe kugira ngo wirinde ko uruti rwa mvange rugira ingese.
4. Ibindi
Gusohora gaze:
Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko idahangana na ingese kandi ntishobora guhangana n'ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko w'akazi; ndetse n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe bwa valve y'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Koresha gasket zikwiriye imikorere. Reba niba ibikoresho bya gasket bikwiriye vali nshya. Niba bidakwiye, bigomba gusimburwa. Ku vali zishyushye cyane, ongera ufunge boliti mu gihe ukoresha.
Igice cy'umugozi cyacitse:
Akenshi biterwa n'ubukonje. Iyo ikirere gikonje, valve igomba kuba ifite uburyo bwo gukingira ubushyuhe n'uburyo bwo gukurikirana ubushyuhe. Bitabaye ibyo, amazi ari muri valve n'umuyoboro uhuza bigomba gukurwamo amazi nyuma yo guhagarara gukora (niba hari plug munsi ya valve, plug ishobora gufungurwa kugira ngo ifungure amazi).
Uruziga rw'intoki rwangiritse:
Biterwa n'ingaruka cyangwa imikorere ikomeye y'icyuma kirekire. Bishobora kwirindwa igihe cyose umukoresha n'abandi bakozi bireba babyitayeho.
Agakoresho ko gupakira karavunitse:
Ingufu zitangana mu gihe ukandagira ipaki, cyangwa icyuma gifite inenge (ubusanzwe icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma). Kanda ipaki, zungurutsa vis mu buryo bungana, kandi ntugahinduke. Mu gihe ukora, ntugomba kwita gusa ku bice binini n'iby'ingenzi, ahubwo ugomba no kwita ku bice by'inyongera nk'imashini, bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka ku ikoreshwa.
Isano riri hagati y'umugozi wa valve n'icyuma gifunga valve rirananirwa:
Valve y'irembo ikoresha uburyo bwinshi bwo guhuza umutwe w'urukiramende rw'umugongo w'urukiramende n'umurongo ufite ishusho ya T w'irembo, kandi umurongo ufite ishusho ya T rimwe na rimwe ntutunganywa, bityo umutwe w'urukiramende w'umugongo w'urukiramende ushira vuba. Ahanini biva mu buryo bwo gukora kugira ngo bikemuke. Ariko, umukoresha ashobora kandi gukora umurongo ufite ishusho ya T kugira ngo ugire uburyohe runaka.
Irembo rya value y'irembo ry ...
Ubushyuhe bw'irembo ribiri buterwa n'agace ko hejuru. Kuri bamwe mu bafunga amarembo, agace ko hejuru kaba gakozwe mu bikoresho bibi (icyuma cyo hasi), kandi kazasharira cyangwa kameneka nyuma yo gukoreshwa. Agace ko hejuru ni gato, kandi ibikoresho byakoreshejwe si byinshi. Umukoresha ashobora kugakora akoresheje icyuma cya karuboni agasimbuza icyuma cyakozwe mbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 18 Mata 2022
